Spin coating is a widely used technique for depositing thin, uniform films onto flat substrates. It involves the application of a liquid material onto a rotating substrate, which spreads the material ...

Coatings and thin films have emerged as indispensable materials in the enhancement of mechanical strength and tribological performance. Such layers, often only a few nanometres to microns thick, are ...

The types of gases used in these processes vary depending on the specific application, but they typically include gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, and argon. Gas analysis plays a significant role in ...