The annual discussions over religious and civic matters were held in the presence of Ottoman sultans for over a century until the practice was scrapped with the end of the Caliphate in 1924. One of ...
Introduction -- 1. The establishment and survival of Ottoman rule in the Arab lands, 1516-1798 -- 2. Institutions of Ottoman rule -- 3. Economy and society in the early modern era -- 4. A world of ...
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