On September 5, 2020, California's Creek Fire grew so severe that it began producing its own weather system. The fire's extreme heat produced an explosive thunderhead that spewed lightning strikes and ...

Earth system models (ESMs), used in climate simulations and projections, typically use grids of 50–200 km resolution. These are considered relatively coarse with limited ability to resolve land ...

High resolution Earth system modeling is increasingly critical for improving model performance and reducing uncertainties. By resolving fine scale processes and interactions across Earth system ...

A simulation of the planet from the DOE Energy Exascale Earth System Model, one of the large-scale models incorporated in the Earth System Grid Federation led by DOE’s Oak Ridge, Argonne and Lawrence ...

A snapshot of simulated climate conditions. Blue/red shading: sea surface temperature deviations from zonal mean; gray/white shading: low clouds; green/pink shading: 10m wind speed; blue/yellow ...

NASA’s Earth-observing satellites provide societally important data and demonstrate transformative applications. The need for more data and better scientific information on Earth’s interacting systems ...