Using just two NAND or inverter gates its possible to build a D type (or ‘toggle’) flip-flop with a push-button input. At power-up the output of gate N2 is at a logical ‘1’, ensuring that transistor T2 ...

From simple transistors to complex systems, this article explains the building blocks of digital logic design. Learn how ...

Density and speed of IC’s have increased exponentially for several decades, following a trend described by Moore’s Law. While it is accepted that this exponential improvement trend will end, it is ...

Any typical digital design style with CMOS uses complementary pairs of p-type and n-type MOSFETs for logic functions implementation. Naturally, CMOS always ought to provide INVERTED outputs like ...

This CMOS two-input combination NAND/NOR gate is a three-input, fourpin logic gate. A p-channel enhancementtype MOSFET (Q1) and an n-channel enhancement-type MOSFET (Q4) form one complementary ...

With the advancement in semiconductor technology, chip density and operating frequency are increasing, so the power consumption in VLSI circuits has become a major problem of consideration. More power ...

Kioxia and YMTC are pioneering the use of wafer bonding technologies— CMOS directly Bonded to Array (CBA) and Xtacking, respectively — for next-generation NAND flash memory production. This strategic ...