More than half the Arctic's coastline is Russian territory and in the last six years Moscow has built more than 475 military ...

Maps matter because the shape and geology ... Lomonosov Ridge—the undersea mountain range that bisects the Arctic Ocean, Russia's declared stepladder to the North Pole in a 2001 claim—is ...

For Russia, for obvious reasons of geography, the Arctic and Arctic Ocean region is of tremendous significance. Since the beginning of the 21st century, Russia has invested considerable sums in ...