Ketamine is frequently used to induce analgesia or anesthesia in laboratory animals, but its effects on learning and memory are poorly characterized. Long-term potentiation (LTP) is considered a ...

The reliance on brain atlases for high-precision placement of injectable substances in the brain of NHPs has substantial disadvantages. To overcome the issue of inter-animal variability, we developed ...

Purpose: The characteristics of ideal intravenous (i.v.) and inhaled anesthetic agents; the rationale for inducing anesthesia with i.v. anesthetics (particularly propofol); therationale for inducing ...

Propofol is used in the operating room to induce anesthesia. To maintain anesthesia, a continuous infusion of the agent via a separate syringe pump is the standard procedure for total intravenous ...

Though it may be a surprise to the millions of people who undergo general anesthesia every year for medical procedures, the biological mechanism for how different anesthetics block consciousness is ...

The state of sedation, analgesia, amnesia and muscle paralysis is called general anesthesia. In other words, general anesthesia is an induced, reversible and controlled loss of consciousness. This ...

General anesthesia is medicine you get before surgeries that require you to be in a deep sleep-like state. It is given in stages – just before the surgery begins and then throughout the surgery to ...